Why Passed-Down Recipes Are So Important to Appalachians

 

Does food have a culture?  

Does culture have a food?

Have you ever thought about the foods that you eat?

In Appalachia, food is never just about what’s on the table. It’s about the people who prepared it, the land that provided it, and the traditions that gave it meaning. Passed-down recipes carry a special weight here in the mountains, where family and heritage are woven into daily life as tightly as a hand-stitched quilt.

A Connection to Ancestors

For many Appalachian families, a recipe is a living piece of family history. It might be written in faded ink on a yellowed index card, or it might exist only in memory, shared through countless retellings in kitchens warmed by cast-iron skillets and woodstoves. I have found many clippings of recipes from newspapers and handwritten note paper safely tucked inside an old cookbook of my Grandmother.  I've even done this myself.  Each recipe, each dish becomes a direct link to grandparents, great-grandparents, and even generations further back.   Think about your favorite meals that your Grandmother prepared and chances are that she learned it from her Grandmother.  All the while, keeping their presence alive through taste, smell, and ritual.  I can still smell my Grandmother's hot biscuits coming out of the oven.  A tradition I continue today.

Continue reading and explore more food traditions and let your appetite follow.

From One Mountain Home to Another: Trading West Virginia Roots for a Georgia Ridge

There’s a place in West Virginia that will always live in my heart, even if it no longer belongs to my family. My grandparents’ farmhouse stood sturdy against the wind for decades, its white paint peeling in places, its porch swing creaking like it was whispering old stories. The land around it rolled gently into the hills, with fields that blushed green in spring and burned gold in autumn. It wasn’t just property, it was memory, heritage, and the heartbeat of our family.

I discussed this farmhouse in my genealogical based presentation, Hillbilly Highway.  My mother, aunts, and uncles discussed the farm and how it was my grandfather's dream... And they lost it to foreclosure. An extremely low monthly payment, then, that now, the land gets over $250k in natural gas underground. They would have been "money rich"  if they could have kept the farm.  And, they probably would not have divorced. 

Genealogy and a 100 Year Home

 

Breathing New Life into a 105-Year-Old Bungalow in the Blue Ridge Mountains

By Sandy aka Appalachian Renovator | August 2025

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My husband and I recently took a leap of faith and purchased a 105-year-old bungalow tucked into the heart of the Blue Ridge Mountains of Georgia. This house, with its creaky floorboards, original stone chimney, and stories hidden in every corner, instantly stole our hearts. But let’s just say… it’s a project.  Actually, we made it a project.

We’re not just giving it a fresh coat of paint, we’re rolling up our sleeves for a full-on revival. Think modern comfort meets mountain soul. And because this journey is just too full of charm, surprises, and sawdust to keep to ourselves, we’ve decided to document every step along the way.

What’s On the To-Do List?

First up: adding a third bedroom. The original layout is cozy, but with family visits (and possibly a future studio space in mind), we knew we needed more room to breathe and grow. We’re being mindful of keeping the historic bones intact while also salvaging old doors and trim, and choosing finishes that reflect the bungalow’s original Craftsman style.

Next: a second bathroom. One bathroom just isn’t going to cut it, especially when the house starts filling up with muddy boots, weekend guests, and the occasional plumbing mystery (we’ve already had one). This new bathroom will bring not only convenience but a little vintage-meets-modern elegance with it.

And, of course, we can’t forget the Yorkies. Our furry family members need room to roam, so we’re installing a fence around the property. It’s a delicate balance—we want it safe and secure, but also something that blends into the rustic beauty of the landscape. Think wooden rails, native plant borders, and enough space for tiny zoomies.  Because we have a double lot, it's going to take a bit of time to dig over 40 fence posts.

Click to continue reading.

The Western Theater - Appalachia in the American Revolution

 

The Western Theater of the American Revolutionary War surrounded Appalachia.

Imagine a vast landscape, from the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi River.

This area was called Trans-Appalachia. Trans-Appalachia was frequently used in the 17th and 18th century to refer to the "frontier land", an area separate from the Eastern parts of America. In today's world, it became the states of Western Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Western Virginia. But, it can also be divided into four sub regions which includes states much more West of the Appalachian Mountains and even into Canada.

 


This area became the backdrop for intense conflicts during the American Revolutionary War from 1775 to 1783.

This is the story of the western theater, a deeply contested region influencing the future United States. In the years leading to the Revolutionary War, tensions simmered in the Ohio Valley. The British had gained control over the region after the French and Indian War. This set the stage for conflicts involving Native Americans and American settlers.

The Magic is Gone

 

There is Mud in the Water 

and the Magic is Gone.

Part II of II

I remember the thrill. Hours spent poring over census records, deciphering faded handwriting on old wills, and connecting the dots between generations. Genealogy was an all-consuming passion, a puzzle I was determined to solve. Then, somewhere along the way, the spark faded.

It's a common story in the genealogy community, yet it's rarely talked about. We often hear about breakthrough discoveries and unwavering dedication, but what about when the fire just… dies? If you've found yourself staring blankly at your family tree software, feeling more dread than excitement, you're not alone.

Read Part I

I feel after spending over 20 years of my life chasing ancestors, ghosts, brick walls, stories, and sources, I'm exhausted from having to constantly repeat myself on what and where Appalachia is and who Appalachians are. 

Mud in the Water by Gasoline Gypies.

Mud in the Water

There is Mud in the Water 

and the Magic is Gone.

Part I of II

Read Part II

There is "Mud in the Water" with my genealogy journey.   There are times when you hit a dead end and just can not find any more documentation.  At other times, you find too much aggression from others that refuse to work together or see past the family stories.   And, then there are times that others infiltrate and destroy lifetimes of work and/or destroy one's character just for ignorance or control.   Genealogy can be tough.   Secrets.  Labels.  Shared Ancestors.  Family Stories.  All of these can be contentious but none worse than being cyberbullied.

During May 2025, I was cyberbullied to the point of major anguish.

Being an advocate for Appalachia was always going to make me a lightening rod.  I knew that going in.  I can handle the attacks on Appalachia and Appalachians because I present facts vs Hollywood stories and social media lies which usually shuts down any argument.   It's the personal attacks from keyboard warriors, the brutal lies, scary threats, and the disgusting attacks on my character that I will not allow.  No one should.

52 Weeks: Oldest Story, The Cherokee Creation Story

 

this week’s theme is “OLDEST STORY.”   

The cherokee indian story of the beginning of the appalachians.  

Sometimes our oldest story is about where we are from and not about a particular person.  folklore is an important part of our stories.

The Cherokee Creation Story...

The Cherokee creation story tells how the world began as a big ocean, and all the animals lived in a place above the sky called Galun'lati. It was getting crowded there, so the animals wanted more space.

One brave Water Beetle offered to dive down into the water to see what was below. It swam all around but couldn't find any land. Finally, it dove to the bottom and brought up some soft mud. This mud started to grow and spread out in every direction until it became the land we call Earth.

Click on Read More for the rest of the story and a link to the video....

12 Photos: April 2025 Couples

  

April 2025

12 Months of Photos - "Couples"

Since April brings about our Wedding Anniversary (we eloped!), this month's Photo is myself and my husband, Mike, aboard the train headed to New Orleans, one of our favorite places.  

Our biggest joke is how much older Mike is than me.  I was in elementary school when he was entering high school but as adults, the age difference disappeared.

Train bound for NOLA, March 11th, 2025

The music video for this blog entry:  Nothin' but a good time by Poison.  

It's the way we met and the way we've made a life together for over 30 years.

Join the 12 Months of Photos at WikiTree.  Show off your Genealogy.

52 Ancestors Week 14: Language

 

this week’s theme is “Language.”   

Not all language issues are with source documents.  

Sometimes language barriers occur with accents and spelling in your own language. 

The Appalachian Dialect...

Appalachian English is American English native to the Appalachian mountain region of the Eastern United States.

The Unique Language of Appalachia: A Living Time Capsule

The Appalachian region, stretching from southern New York to northern Alabama and Georgia, is home to one of the most distinctive dialects in North America. Rooted in the early English, Scots-Irish, and German settlers who arrived in the 18th century, Appalachian English has retained many archaic words and phrases that have disappeared elsewhere.

A Time Capsule of Old English

I, for one, do not subscribe to the theory that Appalachians speak "Old English". 

It's been said that Appalachian speech is its preservation of Elizabethan English. Words like afeared (afraid), reckon (suppose), and britches (pants) date back centuries (and yes, we do say those words). The grammatical structures also reflect older forms of English, such as double modals ("I might could do that") and the use of a- prefixing ("He was a-hunting")—a feature found in Middle English poetry.

But, extensive research has been conducted since the 1930's to determine the origin of the Appalachian dialect.  Most would agree that it's an amalgam of Old English from original settlers, colonial 18th century English from the descendants of the original settlers, and a lot of Ulster-Scot dialect.

Without a doubt, Appalachians have always been taunted for their speech to the point of the Appalachian Dialect inferring poorness, laziness, and lack of education.  All of which is completely false.

Click on Read More to see samples on how Appalachians speak and what common words we use in sentences....

Video Blog: Apalachin Meeting – The Mafia in Appalachia

 Apalachin Meeting – The Mafia in Appalachia

The Appalachin meeting was a secret gathering of American Mafia leaders in 1957 to discuss illegal operations. The meeting took place at the home of mobster Joseph “Joe the Barber” Barbara in Apalachin, New York.

Join us as we discuss how this meeting changed the Mafia in America forever.

Prefer the Podcast version?  Click here.

Are you related or connect to any of these mobsters? 

Find out by visiting the Appalachin Meeting page on WikiTree.

Ancestry Roads and WikiTree: 

 Where Appalachian Stories and Genealogy meet.

View more Appalachian Stories at Ancestry Roads YouTube .

Ancestry Roads: https://www.ancestryroads.com/

WikiTree: https://www.wikitree.com/ 

52 Ancestors Week 10: Siblings

 

This week’s theme is “Siblings.”   The DNA surprise when your family tree takes a sharp turn. 

Siblings. They're our first friends, our partners in crime, our biggest rivals, and our lifelong companions. The two brothers that I grew up with, Steve and Tim, were the only siblings that I knew.  They were much older than me.  I was the completely annoying bratty little sister that they didn't want and didn't expect.

The Craig Kids

I was also the one that got mad because they wouldn't let me play with their amazing hot wheel tracks up and down the basement stairs and all around the basement.  Boys can be so mean.

But, when in need, they both came running to help me.  Once, in 9th grade, I was severely bullied by a boy that wanted me to go to a school dance with him.  I just didn't want to go to the dance. I had nothing against the boy.   But, he took it badly, and harrassed me, followed me everywhere, in school and out, would call me horrible names, by yelling, in front of everyone at the lockers or lunch room.  The school administrator and security guard did nothing to stop it.   

So, for a month straight, my brothers picked me up from school.  They waited by this boy's school bus and made sure to say hello to him, every day.  That was it.  Just hello.  The fact that they both rode their Harleys and looked like Hells Angels might have also had something to do with it.

Click on Read More to see my Mom's and Dad's siblings....

12 Photos: March 2025 Sports

 

March 2025

12 Months of Photos - Appalachia Style

"Sports"

My husband and son are golfers. The amount of golf talk in my house is truly overwhelming. The way their facial expressions change when discussing what happened on hole twelve depends entirely on the day, the club, and the weather.

But as a mom, I’ve supported my son by taking him to golf lessons five days a week and enduring the sweltering Georgia heat for his tournaments. When I say he has a natural talent, I’m not exaggerating. This isn’t just a proud mom bragging (though I am, and I do)—this kid is an insanely good golfer who rarely practices. He’d much rather just get on the course and hit the ball.

My son doesn’t allow me to share photos of him online—on social media, blogs, or videos. But he did allow me to share this one picture of him on the course.

This picture is especially dear to my heart. I used to pick him up from school with his golf clubs already in the car. We would head straight to the golf course, where he would play nine holes before dinner. Since this course didn’t allow him to drive the cart, I was always with him throughout.

Being a typical mom, I snapped pictures of him all the time. But this day was different. It was autumn in Atlanta—a beautiful day. When he reached this putt, I remember looking at the picture through my cell phone, and it nearly took my breath away. The moment was so peaceful, so silent, and so perfect.

Just a boy enjoying the game he loves.

The golf music video.  Tee it up!

Join the 12 Months of Photos at WikiTree.  Show off your Genealogy.

52 Ancestors Week 9: Family Secret

this week’s theme is “family secret.”   Tips on sharing the deep dark secret and setting it free.

Every family has its stories, the tales passed down through generations, embellished with each retelling. But what happens when a story isn't told? What happens when a secret, carefully guarded and whispered only in hushed tones, finally comes to light?

You already know mine by reading Surprise, DNA Edition, Letters, and bits from the Migration posts.  But, as a professional genealogist, over the years, I have had my fair share of secrets that I've discovered and discussed with clients.  This is never an easy conversation.  In all my years, when I say I have a secret to tell you about.... it's not that you are directly related to a famous cousin but rather your cousin might be closer than a cousin.

The ethnicity estimate, from the Ancestry.com DNA test, was interesting enough, confirming some family lore and debunking others. But it was the "DNA Relatives" section that truly caught my attention. There, listed alongside distant cousins I'd never heard of, was a name that didn't belong. A name with a significantly higher percentage of shared DNA than a distant relative should have. 

To help understand what to do with a surprise in your DNA Test, I've put together a few tips that worked for me.  There are still times that I get angry or sad or incredibly frustrated because one side of the story is not being told but I always remember:  Let the skelton out of the closet to dance.

Click on Read More to read the tips on sharing your family secret....

52 Ancestors Week 8: Migration

 

This week’s theme is “migration.”   The Hillbilly Highway

I am the product of the Hillbilly Highway.  My Dad decided to move my mom and two brothers out of Weston, West Virginia to Baltimore, Maryland for the chance of a better life.  Jobs were scare in West Virginia.  Families were hungry.  Many left Appalachia for the Steel Towns of the North and the opportunities to the East.  This became known as the Hillbilly Highway.

Some made it back home.  Others never did.   

This video is maternal family's deeply personal story. "Hillbilly Highway: The Out-Migration of Appalachians" features Sandy Patak discussing the migration patterns of people from the Appalachian region to industrial cities. The presentation delves into the reasons behind this migration and examines the cultural impacts on both those who left and those who remained in Appalachia. 

What is the Hillbilly Highway and Why is it so important to Appalachian Genealogy?

Click on Read More to find out....

Appalachian Valentine's Traditions

Valentine’s Day traditions in Appalachia often blend heartfelt simplicity, creativity, and the strong sense of community and family that the region is known for. Every holiday is deeply rooted in the longstanding traditions and culture of Appalachians. While many customs align with broader, modern Valentine’s Day practices, there are unique Appalachian twists—practical in decades past and still cherished today.

As a culture, we tend to use what we have or craft something meaningful from what’s on hand. While modern Appalachians might occasionally hear “He went to Jared’s” or receive a special light blue jewelry box from that famous breakfast spot, Valentine’s Day has always been a more low-key affair in my family.

Click on Read More to read examples of how Appalachians celebrated Valentine's Day....

52 Ancestors Week 7: Letters

This week’s theme is “Letters & Diaries.”
When truth is put in one's own handwriting.

If you read the blog post from last week, Surprise, DNA Version, this is a carry over from that discussion.

Letters?  Oh, I have letters!   I have letters in my biological father's handwriting that he wrote me over a span of two years (after he found out that I was his biological daughter - well, after it was confirmed by DNA).

Oddly, I only have one photo of us together.  This photo was the weekend that we met as adults at his home in Buckhannon, West Virginia.

But, let's get back to the letters.  Do you want to read them???

Click on Read More to see the picture....

12 Photos: February 2025 Home

February 2025

12 Months of Photos - Appalachia Style

"Home"

That small snow storm in Georgia in 2017.  

(The one in 2014 was much worse.)

Being from the snowy parts of Appalachia, seeing any snow in the Atlanta Metro area—especially this much—is what you’d call a freak storm. Our home sits in an Appalachian county of Georgia.

I didn’t want to move to Georgia. I hated the idea. But if you were in the IT field in the early 2000s, Atlanta was a hotbed for jobs. The first few years weren’t great. It didn’t feel like this area was a good fit for us. But over time, we settled in, built a family, and made it our home. We were blessed to meet wonderful friends, throw fantastic backyard parties, and create a life that felt truly ours.

One of our favorite Saturday Night Live skits, ever:  
Weekend Update with the Atlanta Snowpocalypse from 2014.

One of my son’s favorite songs when he was younger was Home by Phillip Phillips. I hope it’s still a favorite of his and that he knows—no matter where life takes him—home will always be here whenever he needs or wants it.

Bonus since I mentioned my son... his pup, Tess, waiting at the front door for her best friend, Maggie, to pull into the driveway for a weekend visit.

Join the 12 Months of Photos at WikiTree.  Show off your Genealogy.

52 Ancestors Week 6: Surprise

 

This week’s theme is “Surprise.”   The DNA surprise when your family tree takes a sharp turn. 

We've all heard the stories, the slightly awkward jokes about getting a DNA test and discovering your parent is not your parent.  Here's how I found out...

I'd always been curious about my ancestry. I grew up with such dark brown eyes that they were almost black.  My parents had the bluest of blue eyes.  When Ancestry.com started heavily advertising DNA kits for a reasonable price, I instantly bought one and got DNA tested. 

To say that I DNA tested to find out who my parents were is truly only part of the story though.  I was convinced that I was Italian.  From an early age, I was always told that I had so much Italian "about me".  With my Dad's name as Craig and my Mom's Maiden Name as Bonner.... I was not understanding where any Italian would come from.  But that is a blog post for another time....

Note: I would never have done a DNA test if my dad were still alive. It's also important to state that "my dad" is the man who raised me from birth. "My father" is my biological father, as determined by a DNA test.

So, I had a guess who my biological father was.  I actually had it narrowed down to three people with one being in the lead.   Why?  His picture!

Click on Read More to see the picture....

52 Ancestors Week 5: Challenge

 

This week’s theme is “Challenge.”   One of the most difficult challenges is confirming that an Appalachian Coal Miner died from Black Lung. 

Many doctors didn't write Black Lung as the cause of death on the death certificate because the Coal Company didn't want them to.  A lot, but not all, of the doctors were payed by the Coal Company.

The Challenges of Finding Black Lung Families in Genealogy

Genealogical research can be a fascinating journey, but tracing ancestors who suffered from black lung disease presents unique challenges. Black lung disease, or coal workers' pneumoconiosis, primarily affected coal miners and their families, leaving behind records that are often fragmented or difficult to access.

Changing shifts at the mine portal, Floyd County, Kentucky.  - Russell Lee (Nat Archives)

One of the most common forms is black lung disease, also known as miner's lung. It's caused by breathing in coal dust. Another is brown lung, which comes from working around dust or other fibers. Other types of dusts that can cause pneumoconiosis include silica and asbestos. John Hopkins Medicine.

Click on the Read More link for steps in Finding Black Lung Records.

12 Photos: January 2025 Grandparents

 

Janaury 2025

12 Months of Photos - Appalachia Style

"Grandparents"

Ina May Bonner King and Ward Montgomery King, my maternal grandparents.

I have no idea how they met.

Well, that’s not exactly true. I know they met in Webster County, West Virginia, and that a coal mine was involved. My Granddad was working at a nearby coal mine, not far from where my grandmother—“Nanny”—lived on top of Point Mountain, West Virginia.

The courting and dating details left this earth when they did.

I do know that my mom was already born in April 1938. Ina and Ward married on Christmas Eve that same year. Ward was not my mother’s biological father, but that didn’t matter to him.

This picture was likely taken around their 10th or 15th wedding anniversary.